Today's lesson
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1. Operation of Ring topology
	-One station is known as a monitor station which takes all the responsibility for performing the operations.
	-To transmit the data, the station has to hold the token. After the transmission is done, the token is to be released for other stations to use.
	-When no station is transmitting the data, then the token will circulate in the ring.


Star: 
	Each device connects to a central hub or switch using dedicated cables.
Bus: 
	All devices connect to a single shared cable (backbone).


Advantages:

Star:
	-Scalability: Adding or removing devices is easy without affecting the entire network.
	-Fault tolerance: Failure of one device doesn't disrupt the whole network.
	-Security: Data transmissions are directed, improving security.
	-Performance: Dedicated connections offer higher bandwidth and better speed.
Bus:
	-Cost-effective: Requires less cable and no central hub, making it cheaper.
	-Simple installation: Easy to set up due to minimal hardware.
	-Faster for small networks: Data travels directly to the intended device in small networks.

Disadvantages:

Star:
	-Single point of failure: Failure of the central hub brings down the entire network.
	-Higher cost: Requires more cables and a central hub, increasing cost.
	-Complexity: Setting up and managing a larger network can be complex.
Bus:
	-Limited scalability: Adding devices can overload the shared cable and degrade performance.
	-Difficult troubleshooting: Identifying and fixing faults can be challenging.
	-Security concerns: All devices receive all data transmissions, raising security risks.
	-Performance bottlenecks: Heavily trafficked networks can experience slower speeds due to the shared cable.